Tourism and fascism. Tourism development on the east Italian border.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51663/pnz.60.2.05Keywords:
tourism, fascism, interwar period, Venezia GiuliaAbstract
The paper is focused on the study of tourism development in the Italian region Venezia Giulia. The territory under discussion represents an interesting but unexplored study field in historiography, where tourism development, during the period between the two world wars, is at the forefront. My aim is to study the interrelation between political regime confirmation and national discourse within the tourism development sector in its various forms. The intent is to study how tourist destinations (“old” and “new”) managed to adjust to changed political structure within a growing totalitarian system – fascism. Different typologies of tourist destinations will be taken into consideration.
References
Literature:
Agosteo, Aldo and Sereno, Antonio. Fascismo e turismo (politica e storia del turismo sociale). Viterbo: Editrice Agnesotti, Collana della SIST, 2007.
Baranowski, Shelley. Strength through Joy: Consumerism and Mass Tourism in the Third Reich. Cambridge, 2004.
Batagelj, Borut. “Odkritje gora: strukturne spremembe v dojemanju gora na Slovenskem do začetka 20. stoletja.” Ekonomska i Ekohistorija VI, no. 6 (2010): 124–142.
Battilani, Patrizia. “L'impatto della guerra sull'immagine turistica dei luoghi: il caso del Trentino e dell'alto Adige.” In Krieg und Tourismus im Spannungsfeld des Ersten Weltkrieges: Guerra e Tourismo nell'area di tensione della Prima Guerra Mondiale, edited by Patrick Gasser, Andrea Leonardi and Gunda Barth-Scalmani, 249–270. Innsbruck: Studien Verlag, 2014.
Battilani, Patrizia and Fauri, Francesca. “The rise of a service-based economy and its transformation: seaside tourism and the case of Rimini.” Journal of Tourism History 1, no. 1 (2009): 27–48.
Berrino, Annunziata. “La nascita delle Aziende Autonome e le politiche di sviluppo territoriale in Italia tra le due guerre.” Storia del turismo, Annale, no. 5 (2005): 33–54.
Bosworth, Richard J. B. “Tourist planning in Fascist Italy and the Limits of a Totalitarian Culture.” Contemporary European History 6, no. 1 (1997): 1–25.
Dato, Gaetano. “Lineamenti storiografici, memorie pubbliche e miti all’origine del sacrario di Redipuglia. La fondazione di un tempio della nazione.” Acta Histriae 18, no. 3 (2014): 399–424.
De Grazia, Victoria. The Culture of Consent: Mass Organisation of Leisure in Fascist Italy. Cambridge University Press, 2009.
ENIT (Ente nazionale industrie turistiche). L' assetto delle stazioni di cura, di soggiorno e di turismo: R. decreto-legge 15 aprile 1926, n. 765. Roma: Tipografia del Senato, 1926.
ENIT (Ente nazionale industrie turistiche). Relazione sull’attività svolta nell’anno 1925: propaganda, organizzazione, statistica, consorzio degli uffici di viaggio e turismo, bilancio. Roma: Tipografia del Senato, 1926.
Habe, Franc. “Vodniška literatura Postojnske jame.” Naše jame, Glasilo društva za raziskovanje jam Slovenije 10/1968, no. 1–2 (1969): 15–32.
Iles, Jennifer. “Exploring Landscapes after Battle. Tourists at Home on the Old Front lines.” In Writing the dark side of travel, edited by Jonathan Skinner, 182–202. New York – Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2012.
Judson, Pieter M. Guardians of the Nation. Activists on the Language Frontiers of Imperial Austria. Harvard: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Judson, Pieter. ““Every German visitor has an völkisch obligation he must fulfil”: Nationalist Tourism in the Austrian Empire, 1880–1918.” In Histories of Leisure, edited by Rudy J. Koshar, 147–168. Oxford, New York: Berg, 2002
Kavrečič, Petra and Radošević, Milan. “Na morje! Izzivi turističnega razvoja v Istri v času Avstro-Ogrske in italijanske uprave s posebnim ozirom na leto 1925.” Zgodovina za vse, vse za zgodovino XXIV, no. 2 (2017): 21–40.
Kavrečič, Petra. ““Sacro pellegrinaggio”. Visits of World War I Memorials on the Soča/Isonzo Front in the Interwar Period.” Etnološka tribina 40, no. 47 (2017): 141–160.
Kavrečič, Petra. Turizem v Avstrijskem primorju: zdravilišča, kopališča in kraške jame (1819-1914), 2. dopolnjena izdaja. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem, 2017.
Klabjan, Borut. “Nation and commemoration in the Adriatic: the commemoration of the Italian unknown soldier in a multinational area: the case of the former Austrian littoral.” Acta Histriae 22, no. 3 (2010): 695–714.
Leonardi, Andrea. “La prima guerra mondiale e la vulnerabilità del fenomeno turistico.” Krieg und Tourismus im Spannungsfeld des Ersten Weltkrieges: Guerra e Tourismo nell'area di tensione della Prima Guerra Mondiale, edited by Patrick Gasser, Andrea Leonardi and Gunda Barth-Scalmani, 57–98. Innsbruck: Studien Verlag, 2014.
Livi, Livio. L'economia della Regione Giulia nel 1926. Capitolo V. Il movimento dei forestieri. Trieste: Istituto statistico-economico annesso alla R. Università degli studi economici e commerciali di Trieste, 1926.
Löfgren, Orvar. On Holiday. A History of vacationing. Berkley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press, 2002.
Mosse, George L. Le guerre mondiali. Dalla tragedia al mito dei caduti. Roma; Bari: Edizioni Laterza, 2007.
Prinčič, Jože. “Primorsko in postojnsko gospodarstvo v času med obema vojnama.” Prispevki za novejšo zgodovino XLIX, no. 1 (2009): 171–184.
Puc, Matjaž. Škocjanske jame pri Divači: kronika raziskovanj in turističnega obiska. Škocjan: PŠJ, 2015.
Seaton, A. V. “War and thanatourism: Waterloo 1815–1914.” Annals of Tourism research 26, no. 1 (1999): 130–158.
Semmens, Kristin. Seeing Hitler's Germany: Tourism in the Third Reich. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005.
Shaw, Trevor. Škocjanske jame 1920–1940. Ljubljana: Zalozba ZRC, 2018.
Širok, Kaja. “Identitete, zgodovina in dediščina prostora – prakse spominjanja in komemoracije na Goriškem v XX. stoletju.” Acta Histriae 20, no. 4 (2012): 631–46.
Širok, Kaja. “Spomin in pozaba na obmejnem območju: predstave o Goriški preteklosti.” Acta Histriae 18, no. 1–2 (2010): 337–57.
Šuligoj, Metod. “Memories of War and Warfare Tourism in Croatia.” Annales, Ser. Hist. sociol. 26, no. 2 (2016): 259–270.
Šuligoj, Metod and Medarić, Zorana. “Turistični prevozi, potovanja in izleti na obali severne Istre od 19. stoletja dalje=Turistički prijevozi, putovanja i izleti na obali sjeverne Istre od 19. stoljeća dalje.” In Retrospektiva turizma Istre, edited by Metod Šuligoj, 49 – 110. Koper: Založba Univerze na Primorskem, 2015).
Todero, Fabio “Il culto del soldato caduto nella Venezia Giulia dalla Grande guerra al fascism.” In Regime fascista, nazione e periferie, edited by Anna Maria Vinci, 51–68. Udine: Studi e documenti, 2010, 30.
Visintin, Angelo. “Dalla Grande guerra al fascismo. L’ ipotesi della Vittoria sui campi di battaglia dell’Isonzo.” In Regime fascista, nazione e periferie, edited by Anna Maria Vinci, 69–87. Udine: Studi e documenti, 2010, 30.
Winter, Caroline. “Battlefield Visitor Motivations. Explorations in the Great War Town of Ieper, Belgium.” International Journal of Tourism Research 13 (2011): 164–176.
Online Sources:
RD (Regio decreto) 24. 5. 1925, n. 1102. “Approvazione del regolamento per le migliorie igieniche negli alberghi.” Accessed July 15, 2020. http://www.comune.jesi.an.it/MV/leggi/rd1102-25.htm.
RDL (Regio decreto legge) 15. 4. 1926 n. 765. “Provvedimenti per la tutela e lo sviluppo dei luoghi di cura di soggiorno o di turismo.” Accessed July 15, 2020. http://www.edizionieuropee.it/LAW/HTML/89/zn96_02_001.html.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
