Vprašanje nezakonitega izseljevanja vojaških obveznikov v Avstriji na predvečer prve svetovne vojne

Povzetek

THE QUESTION OF ILLEGAL EMIGRATION OF MILITARY CONSCRIPTS IN AUSTRIA ON THE EVE OF WORLD WAR I

The following contribution focuses on the stringent police measures implemented in Austria in March 1914 against the illegal emigration of military conscripts. The measures took place in the context of the unsuccessful long-term efforts to regulate the issue of emigration and its many aspects, of which the military circles were most concerned by the increasingly frequent absence of military conscripts. A stricter system of control at the borders and next to the emigration routes within the state territory was introduced with the aim of checking the military situation of the emigrants and intercepting those who did not have suitable permits to leave the state. Besides the police force the surveillance service also included the customs administration and railroad personnel. The measures did not introduce any new restrictions with regard to the emigration of military conscripts, but they did implement the existing ones more strictly. Nevertheless they resulted in the opposition within the government and caused political protests, as they questioned the constitutional principle of the freedom of emigration and indicated that the state was careless in its attitude towards the economic needs of the population. The article is based on the documentary dossier about the introduction and effects of the stricter system of controlling the emigration from the archive collection of the Government in Trieste.