Contributions to Contemporary History
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz
<p><em>Contributions to Contemporary History</em> is one of the central Slovenian scientific historiographic journals, dedicated to publishing articles from the field of contemporary history (the 19th and 20th century).</p> <p>It has been published regularly since 1960 by the <a title="Institute of Contemporary History" href="http://www.inz.si" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Institute of Contemporary History</a>, and until 1986 it was entitled Contributions to the History of the Workers' Movement.</p> <p>The journal is published three times per year in Slovenian and in the following foreign languages: English, German, Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian, Italian, Slovak and Czech. The articles are all published with abstracts in English and Slovenian as well as summaries in English.</p> <p>The archive of past volumes is available at the <a title="History of Slovenia - SIstory" href="http://www.sistory.si/11686/menu76" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><strong>History of Slovenia - SIstory</strong></a> web portal.</p> <p><strong>The printed version of the journal</strong> is available at the Institute of Contemporary History, in humanities literature bookstores and through the Institute website (publications >> <a title="Publications Ordering" href="http://www.inz.si/publications-ordering.php" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Publications Ordering</a>).</p> <p>Further information and guidelines for the authors are available <a title="Informacije za avtorje" href="/index.php/pnz/about/submissions#authorGuidelines" target="_self">here</a>.</p> <p><a title="Ethical Principles" href="/pnz/ethics" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ethical Principles</a>.</p> <p> </p>Inštitut za novejšo zgodovinoenContributions to Contemporary History0353-0329<p>Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:</p> <ul> <li class="show">Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a <a title="Creative Commons" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Creative Commons Attribution License</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show">Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.</li> <li class="show">Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See <a title="The Effect of Open Access" href="http://opcit.eprints.org/oacitation-biblio.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Effect of Open Access</a>).</li> </ul>Vizije prihodnosti: študijski primeri načrtovanja stvarnosti na Slovenskem po obeh svetovnih vojnah
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4240
<p>V Novi Gorici je med 19. in 20. aprilom 2023 potekalo 40. jubilejno zborovanje slovenskih zgodovinarjev pod naslovom »Izzivi slovenskega zgodovinopisja v 21. stoletju«, ki ga je organizirala Zveza zgodovinskih društev Slovenije. Zadnji dan je bil izveden tudi panel z naslovom »Vizije prihodnosti: študijski primeri načrtovanja stvarnosti na Slovenskem po obeh svetovnih vojnah«.</p>
Letter from the EditorEditorialKornelija Ajlec
Copyright (c) 2023 Kornelija Ajlec
2023-11-082023-11-08The Reconstruction of the Goriška Region after World War I and the Role of the Architect Maks Fabiani
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4221
<p>The article deals with the war damage in Gorizia region after World War I and its the reconstruction . Reconstruction was already started by various committees during the war, after the front had withdrawn from Goriška to the Piave. The processes of reconstruction and refugee return were carried out simultaneously, and the role of local craftsmen in reconstruction was particularly important. The renowned architect Maks Fabiani was also involved in the reconstruction of Goriška, initially still in the service of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, but after the Italian occupation (and later annexation) of Goriška, he also led the reconstruction work in the Italian office. For the reconstruction, he drew up regulation plans, sometimes for entire towns, sometimes for individual public buildings and squares, and tried to create a new urban image for the country.</p>
ArticlesGorizia regionWorld War Iwar demagereconstructionPetra SvoljšakPetra Kolenc
Copyright (c) 2023 Petra Svoljšak, Petra Kolenc
2023-11-082023-11-0810.51663/pnz.63.3.01DIHUR team members passing on the enthusiasm for ParlaMint
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4229
Reviews and ReportsParlaMintAnna KryvenkoKristina Pahor de Maiti Tekavčič
Copyright (c) 2023 Anna Kryvenko, Kristina Pahor de Maiti Tekavčič
2023-11-082023-11-08Developing the Social Welfare System in Ljubljana after World War I, with an Emphasis on the Work of the Social Policy Section and Social Policy Office
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4211
<p>The article, based on the materials of the Ljubljana Historical Archive, deals with the social welfare system in the Slovenian capital in the period between the two world wars. It presents its establishment and the wide range of plans and activities of the city's structures, while also focusing on periods of stagnation and their consequences. It is evident that the latter, under the impression of the mentality and attitude towards the socially deprived after the upheaval, could not stop the constant work and progress of the Ljubljana city offices in the field of social welfare between 1918-1941, and especially after 1923, when a network of regulated operations was established.</p>
ArticlesLjubljana1918-1941social careSocial Policy SectionSocial Policy OfficeMojca Šorn
Copyright (c) 2023 Mojca Šorn
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.02Jurij Perovšek: Politika in moderna. Idejnopolitični razvoj, delovanje in zareze v slovenski politiki od konca 19. stoletja do druge svetovne vojne
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4237
Reviews and ReportsReportsReviewsNeja Blaj Hribar
Copyright (c) 2023 Neja Blaj Hribar
2023-11-022023-11-02Meta Remec, ur., Gozd in ljudje – razmerja in zgodovina, Ljubljana: Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino, 2023, 362 str.
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4233
<p>Nova številka zbirke Vpogledi Inštituta za novejšo zgodovino <em>Gozd in ljudje – razmerja in zgodovina</em> je nastala na podlagi znanstvenega simpozija <em>Gozd in človek</em>, ki je potekal na Inštitutu za novejšo zgodovino marca 2022. Zbornik sestavlja trinajst prispevkov, ki se posvečajo večplastnosti razmerja med gozdnim ekosistemom in človekom. Vseskozi monografijo je poudarjen pomen gozda v človekovem življenju in družbeni zgodovini in spreminjanje odnosa do njega. Avtorji uporabljajo nove pristope k njegovemu preučevanju in preučevanju okoljske zgodovina nasploh, poleg tega interdisciplinaren pristop omogoča celostno obravnavo gozda kot ekosistema.</p>
Reviews and ReportsReviewsReportsMihael Ojsteršek
Copyright (c) 2023 Mihael Ojsteršek
2023-12-132023-12-13A Global Challenge with a Local Character: The Planning of the Unrra Food and Agricultural Recovery Programme on the Example of Yugoslavia
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4230
<p>The following article explores the global supply challenges faced by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) during and after World War II, with a particular focus on Yugoslavia and the Balkans. It discusses the two main stages of the UNRRA supply operations, highlighting the procurement difficulties, the US “empty shelf” policy, and the efforts to ensure resupply. The contribution highlights UNRRA’s crucial role in preventing famine, providing aid, promoting agricultural restoration in the war-affected regions, and the long-term impact of UNRRA’s food production operations.</p>
ArticlesUNRRAnutritionagricultural productionpost-war aidpost-conflict planningKornelija Ajlec
Copyright (c) 2023 Kornelija Ajlec
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.03Daniel Siter, Rogaška Slatina pod kljukastim križem. Zdravilišče med okupacijo 1941–1945.
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4236
Reviews and ReportsBlaž Štangelj
Copyright (c) 2023 Blaž Štangelj
2023-11-082023-11-08Organisational Measures and Tasks of the Slovenian Red Cross After World War II
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4220
<p><em>In all the decades following World War II, the Slovenian Red Cross (RKS) acted in a socially responsible manner, according to international principles of humanity and solidarity, and in all areas where immediate assistance was needed. Its actions were based upon the achievements of the national liberation struggle and its fundamental principles, organisationally adapted to the needs of post-war reconstruction. This entailed direct repatriation assistance and aid provided by work brigades, money, and material resources (also in Zones A and B until the creation of the Free Territory of Trieste). The RKS contributed to the rehabilitation of the environment and the construction of infrastructure for the needs of the civilian population and for restarting the economy. Similarly, as today, in the years leading up to the Slovenian independence, the RKS actively participated in and assisted during various collection campaigns. It contributed to healthcare (blood donations, medical courses, prevention and vaccination campaigns), social welfare (assistance to vulnerable groups), and education (young members, volunteering, prevention, and first aid). In cooperation with the Civil Protection Service, the RKS takes action and provides assistance during natural and other disasters. </em></p>
ArticlesSlovenian Red CrossWorld War IIreconstructionUNRRAcollection campaignswork brigadesFree Territory of TriesteYugoslaviainfectious diseasesnatural disastersDarja Kerec
Copyright (c) 2023 Darja Kerec
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.04The Liberal Outlook on the Ideological and Political Disagreement with the Catholic Side since the Establishment Of the Catholic Political Society in 1890 until the Founding Of the Slovenian Society in Ljubljana in 1891
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4206
<p>After the end of the concord in Slovenian politics, in the time between the founding of the Catholic Political Society in 1890 and the liberal Slovenian Society in 1891 in Ljubljana, both ideological and political sides emphasized their fundamental views and views on the development of their mutual relations. The Catholic side has made it clear that it rejects liberalism and demands the consistent implementation of Christian principles in private and public life, and in the school field a religious school on a national basis. Liberalna drew attention to the problem of the political dominance of the clergy, towards which, in her opinion, they were tending in Carniola. She emphasized that the Church does not belong to interfere in politics, otherwise it can expect a response at the political level. In religious matters, liberals recognized the authority of church leaders, but in the field of education, they believed that the demands for a religious school were not justified, because it was already provided by the existing education system. The point of divergence between the two sides was the question of which principles – Catholic or liberal – should be the foundation of the nation's life. With a view to further social and political development, the strengthening of their ideological identity and its political establishment in the struggle for power that took place among the Slovenes in Carniola, they expressed their views more strongly on the liberal side, even with battle cries. For her, her ideological understanding of her Catholic opponent was authoritative.</p>
ArticlesConcordDr Anton Mahničseparation of spiritsCatholic Political SocietySlovenian Societypolitical CatholicismliberalismDr Ivan TavčarDr Ivan Šusteršičgirls' collegeCarniolan disputeJurij Perovšek
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurij Perovšek
2023-11-082023-11-0810.51663/pnz.63.3.05Dragan Matić, Tiskovna svoboda v krempljih ljubljanske justice: zaplembe časopisov in druge tiskovne zadeve v obdobjih 1873–1889 in 1908–1914 v pravosodnih fondih Arhiva Republike Slovenije. Ljubljana: Arhiv Republike Slovenije, 2023, 336 str.
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4239
Reviews and ReportsReviewsReportsMarko Zajc
Copyright (c) 2023 Marko Zajc
2023-11-082023-11-08Zvonimir Stopić, Jure Ramšak, Liang Zhanjun in Jože Pirjevec, China, Yugoslavia, and Socialist Worldmaking: Convergences and Divergences. Koper: Science and Research Centre, Annales ZRS, 2023, 373 str.
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4238
<p>V letošnjem letu je Ljudska republika Kitajska praznovala deseto obletnico pobude pasu in poti, po dveh desetletjih je zaključila obdobje financiranja velikih infrastrukturnih projektov na afriškem kontinentu, o možnostih dodatnih premikov v prihodnjih kitajskih zunanjepolitičnih strategijah pa dajejo slutiti poročila o vztrajnem ohlajanju drugega največjega svetovnega gospodarstva. Zbornik, ki Kitajsko postavi v hladnovojni kontekst njenih interakcij z Jugoslavijo in poleg bilateralnih odnosov med obema socialističnima državama obravnava tudi njun angažma v deželah globalnega juga, zato predstavlja relevantno in hkrati zanimivo branje. Dvanajst znanstvenih prispevkov petih avtorjev s kitajskih raziskovalnih institucij ter sedmih avtorjev in avtoric iz akademskega prostora nekdanje Jugoslavije je rezultat bilateralnega projekta med Univerzo v Pekingu in Znanstveno raziskovalnim središčem Koper. Prispevki s pomočjo različnih pristopov med drugim pokažejo, da sta Jugoslavija in Kitajska, kljub ogromni razliki v velikosti in številčnosti prebivalstva, enakovredno tekmovali za prevlado lastnega ideološkega modela v družbenopolitičnih in gospodarskih razvojnih procesih globalnega juga ter da je Jugoslavija Kitajski v določenem trenutku predstavljala pomemben navdih za implementacijo tržnega gospodarstva v lasten socialistični kontekst. Zbornik tako poudari, da je za razumevanje kompleksnosti druge polovice 20. stoletja treba upoštevati delovanje raznovrstnih akterjev, ki so z izmenjavo idej, ideologij, ljudi, tehnoloških rešitev in gospodarskih investicij na različne načine vplivali na oblikovanje (socialističnega) sveta in s tem na dinamiko hladne vojne. </p>
Reviews and ReportsReviewsReportsMaja Lukanc
Copyright (c) 2023 Maja Lukanc
2023-11-082023-11-08Military Suicides in Austria from the Middle Of the 19th Century until World War I (With Some Slovenian Examples)
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4130
<p>In the contribution, the author analyses suicides in the Austrian Army from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of World War I. Unlike Prussia, which started publishing data on military suicides already at the end of the 18th century, the first available analytical data for Austria dates back to as late as the middle of the 19th century. By the turn of the century, several authors analysed suicide rates in the Austrian Army, and they all agreed that Austria had the highest number of suicides in Europe. Gradually, the main reason for suicides was also becoming apparent: the brutal treatment of recruits by their superiors. Meanwhile, the Army attempted to portray suicides as pathological and demonstrate, by carrying out numerous autopsies, that many suicides were caused by the soldier’s physical abnormalities (in addition to their psychological instability).</p>
ArticlessuicidearmyAustrian constitutional periodAustriaSlovenian provincesFilip Čuček
Copyright (c) 2023 Filip Čuček
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.06Population Supply and Agricultural Production Difficulties In the Kamnik District during the Initial Period Of the Occupation
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4215
<div id="tw-target-text-container" class="tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl" tabindex="0"> <pre id="tw-target-text" class="tw-data-text tw-text-large tw-ta" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" data-placeholder="Prevod"><span class="Y2IQFc" lang="en">For the area of the interwar administrative-political district of Kamnik, which the German occupier tried to integrate as soon as possible into the German Third Reich as part of his "Lebensraum",<br>it was typical that the occupier, in addition to the desire to establish a situation that would allow the exploitation of resources for the war industry as soon as possible, had to invest a lot in <br>this area and also supply it additionally. In this area, which was already insufficiently self-sufficient in food and raw materials, in 1942 and 1943, in addition to the direct and indirect consequences <br>of military fights between the partisans and the occupier, weather conditions caused additional problems in agricultural production (drought in 1942, 1943 heavy rainfall), and there is also a shortage <br>of male labor for more difficult agricultural and forestry tasks. In the paper, the author presents the issue of supply and agricultural production in the Kamnik area in the years since 1941, based on <br>the preserved material of the district agricultural officer (Kreis Landwirt) at the Kamnik County Council (Landrat) and the weekly reports of the municipal commissioners of the municipalities of the Kamnik <br>district, which were sent to the County Council in Kamnik. </span></pre> </div> <div id="tw-target-rmn-container" class="tw-target-rmn tw-ta-container F0azHf tw-nfl"> <pre id="tw-target-rmn" class="tw-data-placeholder tw-text-small tw-ta" dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" data-placeholder=""> </pre> </div>
ArticlesoccupationweatheragriculturesupplyKamnikDamjan Hančič
Copyright (c) 2023 Damjan Hančič
2023-11-062023-11-0610.51663/pnz.63.3.07Labour Legislation in Slovenia and Labour Rights, With an Emphasis on Pension Insurance 1945–1990
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4213
<p>The first part of the contribution follows the evolution of the gradual transformation of<br>the classic contractual employment relationship into a so-called mutual associative employment<br>relationship, i.e. a relationship between a worker and other workers as independent producers. This sort of relationship was established when a worker joined a work organisation rather than with the conclusion of an employment contract. The transition to the new concept of employment relationships entailed the gradual development of new labour legislation that reflected the economic situation in Yugoslavia at the time. In the second part, the contribution focuses on labour rights, with a particular emphasis on pension insurance, which also underwent legislative changes that did not always ensure a well-regulated situation for the pensioners. The latter was particularly pronounced in the second half of the 1980s, during the economic crisis and gradual decline of the common Yugoslav state.</p>
ArticleslaborlawsocialismSlovenialabor lawpension insuranceDunja Dobaja
Copyright (c) 2023 Dunja Dobaja
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.08“We Are Here – We Are Yours” – The First Referendum on Self-Imposed Contributions in Ljubljana
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4225
<p>The present article examines the events leading to the first Ljubljana referendum on self-imposed contributions, representing the largest local self-imposed contributions in the Socialist Republic of Slovenia to that date. It analyses the influence of various factors that contributed to the decision to hold the referendum and the conditions in Ljubljana before 1971. In 1971, Ljubljana was facing a population increase, representing almost one-sixth of the population of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. The shortage of educational and childcare institutions led to overcrowded conditions in existing schools. In 1967, a change in the law on education financing introduced the concept of communities of interest in education, enabling the financing of education through contributions from citizens, taxes, and other sources. Ljubljana encountered difficulties in financing education and childcare, sparking discussions about the introduction of self-imposed contributions. In 1971, a referendum was held, in which the majority of voters supported the introduction of self-imposed contributions to improve education and childcare. The referendum was accompanied by an intensive propaganda campaign that included a wide range of activities and ended with a convincing result, as nearly 58% of the voters expressed support for self-imposed contributions.</p>
Articlesself-imposed contributionsreferendumLjubljanaeducationself-managementNesa Vrečer
Copyright (c) 2023 Nesa Vrečer
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.09“History from Below” between Historiography and an Emancipatory Political Project
https://ojs.inz.si/pnz/article/view/4216
<p>The following article theoretically delineates “history from below”, critically analyses its position within broader historiography, and revises its conceptual placement in the narrow context of political history, contributing to its concrete typification and systematisation. The article further explores the role of “history from below” in the context of community history. It concretely approaches the process of writing one’s history as a tool for the emancipatory political projects of neglected social groups through the case study of a local anarchist community. In this way, the article outlines the potential research paths for the insufficiently<br>addressed field of “history from below” within political history while confronting systematic tensions regarding its categorisation.</p>
Articleshistory from belowactivist historiographycommunity historiespolitical emancipationSaša Hajzler
Copyright (c) 2023 Saša Hajzler
2023-10-302023-10-3010.51663/pnz.63.3.10