Examining the Representation of Intellectual Disability during the Soviet Times and after Regaining Independence in Latvia: a Case Study of Children’s Care Home No. 2, Baldone
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51663/pnz.65.1.09Ključne besede:
invalidske študije, Vzhodna Evropa, ideologija, podobaPovzetek
V preteklih desetletjih so medijski in kulturni narativi pomembno vplivali na politične diskurze in pogosto prikazovali idealizirane podobe posameznikov s privlačnimi lastnostmi, da bi podprli cilje in ideale socializma. Znanstveniki, ki proučujejo invalidnost in se osredotočajo na vzhodnoevropski kontekst, ugotavljajo, da so bili v času Sovjetske zveze invalidi v likovni umetnosti in medijih pogosto prikazani skozi posebne narative, ki so poudarjali motive junaštva, sočutja in skrbi. To podobo je močno oblikovala sovjetska ideologija, na kateri so temeljili družbeni miti, ki so dajali prednost telesnemu blagostanju in produktivnosti kot temeljnima pogojema za sodelovanje v družbi. Posamezniki, ki niso ustrezali tem standardom, so bili diskvalificirani in diskriminirani ter posledično izključeni iz vizualne kulture in medijev.
Namen tega prispevka je raziskati, kako sta se podoba in dojemanje otrok z motnjami v duševnem razvoju v Latviji razvijala od sovjetskega obdobja do sodobnosti. Predstavljen je pregled zgodovine Doma za otroke št. 2 v mestu Baldone. Članek vsebuje tudi analizo podobe ustanove in prikazovanja otrok z motnjami v duševnem razvoju v tiskanih medijih od odprtja te ustanove leta 1969 do njenega zaprtja leta 2019. Vse medijske reference, ki se nanašajo na to ustanovo, so temeljito preučene, da bi osvetlile ideološke narative, ki so se pojavljali in spreminjali skozi desetletja.
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